B. Com. I Practical No. 3 :Diagrammatic representation of data by using Pie Diagram and Bar Diagrams.

Practical No. 3 :Diagrammatic representation of data by using Pie Diagram and Bar Diagrams.

Diagrammatic Presentation.

We have observed the classification and tabulation method. We use this method to take a lot of information and make it fit into a small table. The reason we do this is to make the information more organized and easier to understand.

Tabulation helps us arrange data neatly so that it's not messy and confusing. tabulation is a way to make big files of information look neat and tidy in a table.  but better and beautiful way to represent data using diagrams and graphs.

the diagram and graph have some advantages because that used to visualise the data. that helps to understand and give information easily to any common man or any one, following are the some  advantages of diagram and graph. 

I. Advantages

i. Data Representation: Diagrams and graphs are excellent for presenting data visually, making trends, comparisons, and statistical information easier to understand.

ii. Simplification: Diagrams take complex ideas and simplify them into visual representations that are easier to grasp. the both diagrams and graphs are so simple that even an ordinary man also will understand properly. 

iii. Clarity: Visualizing information through diagrams can make it clearer and more understandable. Diagrams show relationships, connections, and patterns that might be hard to explain with words alone.

iv. Memory Aid: Visuals are often easier to remember than written or spoken words. hence diagram and graph are remember quickly.  they remember longer. 

v. Graphs help in analysis: using graph the data can be analysed with minimum calculations. from the graph we can find median, mode, quartiles etc.

II. Guidelines for drawing diagrams.

i. Title: For each chart give clear and concise title, the title gives exact idea about the diagram or chart.

ii. Simplicity: The diagrams should be simple, and  that are understand anyone. create each chart  must be simple to understand.

iii. Scale: for diagram like bar diagram choose suitable scale. e.g. the scale must be multiple of 5 or 10. i.e. 5, 10, 15, 20. .....or 10, 20, 30, 40,.........etc.

iv. Attractive: The chart should be clean and attractive. 

Types of Diagram. 

i. One- Dimensional Diagram - Bar Diagram

ii. Two- Dimensional Diagram - Pie -chart

i. Bar Diagram: 

the bar diagram is the most common type of diagram, and it is simple diagram. In bar diagram the variable represented by thick bars with uniform width. and the height of the bar is proportional to the value of that variable. the bars are separated by uniform distance. means that the bar are differ by only height. bars are draw vertically as well as horizontally. but vertical bars are more attractive and vertical bar are popular. this bar diagrams are easily understood to every one.

In a Simple bar diagram we represent only one variable. e.g. to use bar diagram representing the class-wise student strength:

Class	Student Strength
Class 1	27
Class 2	34
Class 3	25
Class 4	45
Class 5	26

 bar diagram is

for drawing bar diagram simply put or select the value in below 
Enter Value Tab to get bar diagram, this is used to check your bar diagram is correct or not.

2. Pie-Diagram:

Pie-Diagram is a circular chart that can be used to represent data as slice of a Pie. When we are interested to represent more that three or four variable the bar-diagram is more complex and it doesn’t give proper visualization of data to understand. That case we use Pie-chart is a circle that divided into sections or slices. And the area on each section is proportional to the size or the value of the variable.

For constructing the Pie-Chart the circle is divided into section is  proportional to the angle at the center of circle. We draw a angle at the center that proportional to the value of variable or data. The angle is calculated as  

e.g. to Draw a Pie-Diagram to represent the following data. For Family expenditure in percentage.

Items	Family expenditure %
Cloths	27
Food	35
Rent	18
Other	20

First we find the angles for Items.

Here total expenditure of family is = 100

the pie-chart is 

Example2: Draw a Pie-Diagram to represent the following data. Data of year wise products of certain company.

Year	Products
1998	15
1999	78
2000	89
2001	125
2002	87

 

First we find the angles for each year.

Here total product is 15+78+89+125+87  = 394

the Pie-Chart is 

Shikshan Prasarak Santha’s

PADMABHUSHAN VASANTRAODADA PATIL MAHAVIDHYALAYA

KAVATHE MAHANKAL

DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS

B. Com. I: Practical - I

Expt. No. 3                                                                                       Date:    /    / 2025

Title: Diagrammatic representation of data by using Pie Diagram and Bar Diagrams.

Q.1.  Draw a pie diagram for the following expenditure of some families in a year.

Items	Food	Cloths	Rent	Medical care	Other
Expenditure (RS)	945	325	520	210	400

 

Q.2.  Draw a pie diagram for the following data.

Item	Raw Material	labour	Supervisor	office	Other
Expenditure (%)	30	20	10	20	20

Q.3. Following table gives the Birth rates per thousand of different countries.

Country	India	Germany	U.K.	China	Sweden
Birth Rate	34	17	20	40	30

    Represent the above data by a Simple bar diagram.

Q.4  The following table gives data related to production of two items A and B in a factory.

Year	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004
Production of A	200	210	170	180	210
Production of B	150	170	150	160	180

      Represent the data by Sub-divided bar diagram.

Q.5.  Draw a suitable diagram to represent the following data.

Occupation	India	U.S.A	U.K.
Agriculture	71	13	5
Services	15	46	55
Other	14	41	40

 

Q.6. The below table gives data relating to import and export. Represent a data by a Multiple bar diagram.

Year	Export(RS)	Import (RS)
1991	350	250
1992	320	300
1993	310	240
1994	300	210

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